Meana Petro

Instalaciones e integridad

Dimensionamiento de válvula de alivio (API 520)

Required orifice area for vapour or liquid relief, mapped onto the nearest API 526 standard orifice.

Datos de entrada

Gauge.

10 % for a single valve, 21 % for the fire case.

Pounds per hour of vapour.

Factores de corrección

0.975 for a certified vapour valve, 0.65 for liquid.

0.9 where a rupture disk is installed upstream, otherwise 1.

Resultados

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Cómo se calcula

  • Vapour, critical flow: A = W·√(TZ/M) / (C·Kd·P₁·Kb·Kc), with C = 520·√[k·(2/(k+1))^((k+1)/(k−1))].
  • Liquid: A = Q·√(G/ΔP) / (38·Kd·Kw·Kc·Kv), the API 520 certified-valve form.
  • Relieving pressure is set pressure × (1 + overpressure) + 14.7, in psia.
  • The result is rounded up to the next API 526 designation, D through T.

Estándares que habla

Dónde deja de ser cierto

Sizing is downstream of the question that actually matters, which is the relief load. Fire case, blocked outlet, tube rupture, thermal expansion and control-valve failure each give a different required flow, and this tool takes whichever one you type as given — a valve sized perfectly for the wrong scenario protects nothing. The vapour equation also assumes critical flow and a conventional spring-loaded valve; balanced-bellows and pilot-operated valves have different back-pressure behaviour, and two-phase or flashing relief needs the API 520 Part I Appendix D method, which this does not implement.

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